Originally developed for pocket watches, the tourbillon complication was designed to counteract the effects of gravity, as these timepieces were positioned upright in a pocket.
The tourbillon is a specialised type of escapement – a mechanism responsible for regulating the release of energy from the watch’s mainspring. The escapement, which regulates timekeeping, consists of a hairspring, a balance wheel, and a pallet fork. In a tourbillon regulator, these components are mounted in a rotating cage that completes a full revolution every 60 seconds to counteract the effects of gravity. When the watch is in a stationary position, gravity can slightly alter the balance wheel’s movement, leading to minor timekeeping inaccuracies. The tourbillon’s rotation evenly distributes these gravitational forces, minimising positional errors and enhancing accuracy.
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